References to jellyfish stings

Burnett JW. International consortium of jellyfish stings [letter]. J Wilderness Med 1990: 1; 135-137.

Fenner PJ, Williamson JA, Burnett J. Some Australian and international marine envenomation reports; progress summary to October 31 1993. Adelaide: International Consortium for Jellyfish Stings, Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, 1994.

Williamson JA, Fenner PJ, Burnett JW, Rifkin J, editors. Venomous and poisonous marine animals: a medical and biological handbook. Surf Life Saving Australia and University of New South Wales Press Ltd, Sydney, 1996.

Currie B, Khanh DM, Alderslade P, et al. Jellyfish envenomation in the Northern Territory of Australia. Toxicon 1992: 30; 501.

Fish CJ, Cobb MC. Noxious marine animals of the central and western Pacific Ocean. Res Rep US Fish Ser 1954; 36: 1-45.

Bengston K, Nichols MM, Schnadig V, Ellis MS. Sudden death in a child following jellyfish envenomation by Chiropsalmus quadrumanus ; Case report and autopsy findings. JAMA 1991; 266; 10: 1404-1406.
Fatal sting in Labuan. Malaysian Straits Times 1992 Jul 22: 1 (Cols 1-2).

Cleland JB (Sir), Southcott RV. Injuries to man from marine invertebrates in the Australian region. Special report series no.12. Canberra: NHMRC, 1965.

Haeckel E. System der Acraspeden: zweite halfle des System der Medusen . Jena: Gustav Fischer, 1880: 447.

Barnes JH. Chironex fleckeri and Chiropsalmus quadrigatus : Morphological distinctions. North Queensland Naturalist 1965; 32: 13-22.
Kramp PL. Synopsis of the medusae of the World. J Marine Biol Assoc UK 1961; 40: 304-310.

Menon MGK. Scyphomedusae of Krusadai Island. Bull Madras Govt Museum, NS Nat Hist Sect 1936; 1(2): 1-9.

Tan NH, Oo SL, Thambyrajah V, Azila N, editors. Advances in venom and toxin research. Proceedings of the Third Asia Pacific Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins; 1993 27 Jun-1 Jul; Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Society on Toxinology, 113-118.

Guest WC. The occurrence of the jellyfish Chiro psalmus quadrumanus in Matagorda Bay, Texas. Bull Mar Sci Gulf Carib 1959: 9; 79-83.

Burnett JW, Gable WD. A fatal jellyfish envenomation by the Portuguese man-o'-war. Toxicon 1989; 27: 823-824.

Stein MR, Marraccini JV, Rothschild NE, Burnett JW. Fatal Portuguese man-o'war ( Physalia physalis ) envenomation. Ann Emerg Med 1989; 18: 312-315.

Halstead BW. Poisonous and venomous marine animals of the world. Princeton, NJ; Darwin Press, 1978: 301.

Gonzaga RAF. Mordeduras picadas pot animas da forna Portuguesa . Amber-Porto-Portugal. Premio Biol de Medicina Clinics 1984; 165-167.

Burnett JW, Fenner PJ, Kokelj F, Williamson JA. Serious Physalia (Portuguese Man-o'-war) stings: implications for scuba divers. J Wilderness Med 1994: 5; 71-76.

Mingliang Z. A study on nematocyst dermatitis caused by jellyfish Stomolophus numerai . Acta Acad Med Qingdao 1987; 4: 1.

Mingliang Z. The marine stinger. Qingdao: Oceanology University Press, 1992: 51.

Kramp PL. The Medusae of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide [report 3]. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen and British Museum (Natural History), 1955: 288-292.

Pages F, Gili JM, Bouillon J. Planktonic cnidarians of the Benguela current. Scientia marina 1992; 56 (suppl): 1-444.

Adiga KM. Brachial spasm as a result of a sting. Med J Aust 1984; 140: 180-181.

Williamson JA, Burnett JW, Fenner PJ, et al. Acute regional vascular insufficiency after jellyfish envenomation. Med J Aust 1988; 149: 698-701.

Hartwick RJ, Callanan V, Williamson JAH. Disarming the box jellyfish: nematocyst inhibition in Chironex fleckeri . Med J Aust 1980; 1: 15-20.

Williamson JAH, Le Ray LE, Wolfhart M, Fenner PJ. Acute management of serious envenomation by box-jellyfish ( Chironex fleckeri ). Med J Aust 1984; 141: 851-853.

Othman I, Burnett JW. Techniques applicable for the purifying of Chironex fleckeri (box-jellyfish) venom. Toxicon 1990; 28: 821-835.

Freeman SE. Actions of Chironex fleckeri toxins on cardiac transmembrane potentials. Toxicon 1974; 12: 395-404.

Baxter EH, Marr AGM. Sea wasp ( Chironex fleckeri ) antivenene: neutralising potency against the venom of three other jellyfish species. Toxicon 1974; 12: 223-229.

Keen TEB. Comparison of tentacle extracts from Chiropsalmus quadrigatus and Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 1971; 9: 249-254.

Fenner P, Rodgers D, Williamson J. Box jellyfish antivenom and "Irukandji" stings. Med J Aust 1986; 144: 665-666.

Venomous & Poisonous Marine Animals Edited by: J.A. Williamson, P.J. Fenner, J.W. Burnett, and J.F. Rifkin. From: Surf Life Saving Queensland Inc. and University of New South Wales Press 1996.

Bloom, D.A., Burnett, J.W., and Alderslade, P. (1998) Partial purification of Box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) nematocyst venom isolated at beachside. Toxicon.36(8), 1075-1085.

Cao, C.J., Eldefrawi, M.E., Eldefrawi, A.T., Burnett, J.W., Mioduszewski, R.J, Menking, D.E., and Valdes, J.J. (1998) Toxicity of sea nettle toxin to human hepatocytes and the protective effect of phosphorylating and alkylating agents. Toxicon.36, 269-281.

Burnett, J.W., Weinrich, D., Williamson, J.A., Fenner, P.J., Lutz, L.L., and Bloom, D.A. (1998) Autonomic neurotoxicity of jellyfish and marine animal venoms. Clinical Autonomic Res.8, 125-130.

Burnett, J.W., Bloom, D., Imafuku, S., Houck, H., Vanucci, S., Aurelian, L., and Kokelj, F. (1997) Recent advances in cnidarian venom research 1991-95: Clinical, chemical, and immunological aspects. (Den Hartog, J.C., Ed.) Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Coelenterate Biology. Leiden. Nationaal Natuurhistorich Museum.

Houck, H.E., Lipsky, M.M., Marzella, L. and Burnett, J.W. (1996) Toxicity of sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) fishing tentacle nematocyst venom in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicon. 34, 771-778.

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